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Transmission (HCV); "Is the Sexual Transmission of HCV
Real?."
Source: Infectious Disease Weekly
Infectious Disease Weekly via Individual Inc. :
According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 46th
Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver
Diseases, held November 3- 7, 1995, in Chicago, Illinois,
"Interspousal transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is reportedly
suggested, although debated, in 5 to 10% of spouses. To address
this issue, we have identified, in a cohort of 1,273 anti-HCV
positive patients, 24 couples in whom each spouse was anti-HCV
positive. An epidemiological and virological retrospective analysis
was performable in 20 couples. The 40 spouses (mean age: 38 years)
were living together since a mean of 8 years. An associated HIV
infection was present in 6. HCV RNA was detected, by nested PCR, in
35 of these 40 subjects (89.7%). A concordance of HCV genotypes, as
assessed by the LIPA procedure, was observed in 9/20 couples;
twelve spouses of 6 couples were infected by non-concordant
genotypes and genotype comparison was not evaluable in five couples
in whom one of the spouses was HCV RNA negative. Among the 9
couples with concordant genotypes, a meticulous interview
undoubtedly identified a risk factor of contamination other than
sexual in 16 of the 18 spouses: intravenous drug use in 15, blood
transfusion in one. Only 2 spouses had no other risk but sexual.
Three of the 5 couples in whom HCV RNA was negative in one of
spouses had other risk factors of contamination than sexual. The
results of the sequences analysis will be provided but high
sequences homologies would not ascertain the precise mechanisms of
transmission. In conclusion: in anti-HCV positive couples,
genotypes are concordant in less than an half of the patients. A
meticulous interview frequently identifies other than sexual risk
factors of contamination, thus suggesting that sexual transmission
of HCV is indeed anecdotical, at least in low endemic areas of
HCV."
AUTHORS: S. Poll, G. Squadriko, V. Thiers, P. Berthelot and
C. Brechot. Liver Unit and INSERM U-370, Hopital Necker;
Hybridotest, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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